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Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1889-1951

"Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus"

But that is the general propositional form.

5.471 The general propositional form is the essence of a proposition.

5.4711 To give the essence of a proposition means to give the essence of
all description, and thus the essence of the world.

5.472 The description of the most general propositional form is the
description of the one and only general primitive sign in logic.

5.473 Logic must look after itself. If a sign is possible , then it is also
capable of signifying. Whatever is possible in logic is also permitted.
(The reason why 'Socrates is identical' means nothing is that there is no
property called 'identical'. The proposition is nonsensical because we have
failed to make an arbitrary determination, and not because the symbol, in
itself, would be illegitimate.) In a certain sense, we cannot make mistakes
in logic.

5.4731 Self-evidence, which Russell talked about so much, can become
dispensable in logic, only because language itself prevents every logical
mistake.--What makes logic a priori is the impossibility of illogical
thought.

5.4732 We cannot give a sign the wrong sense.

5,47321 Occam's maxim is, of course, not an arbitrary rule, nor one that is
justified by its success in practice: its point is that unnecessary units
in a sign-language mean nothing. Signs that serve one purpose are logically
equivalent, and signs that serve none are logically meaningless.


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